DESCRIPTION

The BE3 is a self-contained, floor-standing anaerobic column reactor of a 9l volume.

It is configurable as a fluidised bed reactor and an expanded granular sludge bed reactor (EGSB). Incorporating a split heated column with central collar for instrumentation, dosing and liquid sampling.

It has a recycle pump capable of rates from 0-15 l/min and an electronic measurement of recycle rate.

The Anaerobic Column Reactor BE3 features a tall, slender, cylindrical glass column in two sections, each section with a heating jacket. At the top of the column, a third unheated section collects the gas and provides an effluent overflow. Between the two heated sections is a manifold, which provides ports for instrumentation, sampling and dosing. The feed into the reactor is provided by a variable-speed peristaltic pump.

The temperature of the column contents can be controlled by circulating warm water through the jackets of the lower two sections. The water is heated in a heating tank, using an electric heater and distributed by a recirculation pump using PID control. Typically the reactor temperature is set to 35°C to suit the anaerobic bacteria in the feedstock.

The column contents can be recirculated from the top section to the bottom section using a variable speed pump. The recirculation can also be used to fluidise a bed of media (eg pumice) used to support the growth of biomass. Alternatively the column can be operated as an expanded granular sludge bed reactor (EGSB) with no media filling.

A novel feature of the new Anaerobic Reactors is the gas collection system. This enables the rate of gas emission to be accurately measured over long periods of time. This occurs even when very low quantities of gas are produced, while retaining low back pressure in the system so as not to inhibit the release of the gases. It operates by collecting a known volume of gas over water. When the collection tank is full the gas is automatically discharged and the water replaced. The PLC counts the number of cycles to measure the total volume of gas and measures the time between discharges to calculate the flow rate.

The reactor is supplied complete with a pH dosing system. This comprises two peristaltic pumps under control of the PLC, used to add a base solution or an acid solution to the reactor as appropriate. The user can define the range of pH values to be maintained.

Storage positions are provided for standard five-litre chemical jars, enabling the dosing solutions to be prepared in advance and left in place throughout the process, minimising the need to handle potentially harmful chemicals.

As well as the gas collection rate and volume, further instrumentation measures the reactor temperature, pH, water temperature and the recirculation flow.

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

Reactor volume: 9l

Heater power: 2kW

Jacket temperature: < 60°C

Flow rate (Recycle): 15 l/min

Feed flow rate: 0.06 to 4.81 l/hr

Settler volume: N/A

EXPERIMENTAL CAPABILITIES

• Optimising reactor start-up (acclimation of biomass)
• Effect of temperature, pH, residence time etc.
• Investigation of hydraulic loading (feed rate)
• Effect of effluent strength and nutrient deficiency
• Effect of recirculation ratio and fluidisation
• Comparing efficiency of different configurations (BE4)
• Investigation of bacteria type
• Acidogenesis and methanogenesis process demonstrations

Features

• Fluidised bed
• Expanded granular sludge bed reactor (EGSB)
• Measures reactor temperature, jacket temperature and vessel pH
• Programmable logic controller (PLC) provides temperature control, pH control and gas collection (rate and totalisation) calculations
• Jacket heating system with pump and hot water vessel. Temperature is PID controlled room temperature to 55°C
• Data logger and software as standard (requires PC, not supplied)
• Automated volumetric gas collection system measures, which adds less than 10 mbar back pressure to the reactor
• Complete with automated pH dosing system to maintain the vessel pH within a predetermined range (user programmable)
• User calibration of pH and gas collection system
• Feed flow rates from 0.06-4.8 l/hr (using interchangeable peristaltic hoses)
• Gas sample point

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